Wismar is a small port
and Hanseatic League town in northern Germany on the Baltic Sea, in the state
of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Its natural harbour, located in the Bay of Wismar
is well-protected by a promontory.WISMAR
Wismar is a small port
and Hanseatic League town in northern Germany on the Baltic Sea, in the state
of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Its natural harbour, located in the Bay of Wismar
is well-protected by a promontory.
Wismar is said to have received civic rights in 1229, and came into the possession of Mecklenburg in 1301. In 1259 it had entered a pact with Lübeck and Rostock, intended to defend against the numerous Baltic sea pirates, which developed into the Hanseatic League. During the 13th and 14th centuries it was a flourishing Hanseatic town, with important woollen factories. Though a plague carried off 10,000 of the inhabitants in 1376, the town seems to have remained tolerably prosperous until the 16th century.
By the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 Wismar passed to Sweden, with a lordship to which it gives its name. Through Wismar and the other dominions in the Holy Roman Empire, the Swedish monarchs in their roles as princes, or Reichsfürsten, took part in the Imperial Diets. From 1653 it was the seat of the highest court for that part of Sweden. In 1803 Sweden pledged both town and lordship to Mecklenburg for 1,258,000 Riksdaler, reserving, however, the right of redemption after 100 years. In view of this contingent right of Sweden, Wismar was not represented in the diet of Mecklenburg until 1897. In 1903 Sweden finally renounced its claims. Wismar still retains a few relics of its old liberties, including the right to fly its own flag.
At the turn of the 19th century the most important manufactures of Wismar were in iron, machinery, paper, roofing-felt and asphalt. There was also a considerable trade, especially by sea, with exports including grain, oil-seeds and butter, and the imports coal, timber and iron. The harbour was deep enough to admit vessels of 5 m draught, and permitting large steamers to unload along its quays. Wismar was the location of the Norddeutsche Dornier-Werke aviation plant and railway - factories. Throughout World War II Wismar was heavily damaged by Allied air raids and occupied by British and Canadian Forces on May 2, 1945, which retreated again on July 1, 1945 due to the agreements of the Yalta Conference making Wismar a part of the Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany.
Key identification notes: Wismar's post-medieval coins virtually all feature the arms shown above, and on virtually any of its coins a variant of the name WISMAR or WYSMAR will be found. The earlier medieval coins will frequently only show the bull arms of Mecklenburg.
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